ASTM D7545-14 (2024) PDF

Full title and description

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels—Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test (RSSOT), designation D7545‑14 (reapproved/updated as D7545‑14(2024)). The method provides a rapid, small‑sample laboratory procedure to determine the induction period (oxidation stability) of middle distillate fuels including diesel, heating oils and biodiesel blends (up to B100).

Abstract

This test method (RSSOT) quantifies the oxidation/storage stability of middle distillate fuels by measuring an induction period under accelerated conditions. A small (typical 5 mL) sample is placed in a pressure vessel, charged with oxygen, heated to a specified temperature, and monitored until a pressure breakpoint indicates the end of the induction period. Results are reported as an induction time used to compare stability between fuels or formulations.

General information

• Status: Current/active (designation D7545‑14 with reapproval/transaction noted in 2024).
• Publication date: Original edition 2014 (D7545‑14); referenced/reissued as D7545‑14(2024) (reapproval/update entry dated January 10, 2024 in commercial catalogs).
• Publisher: ASTM International.
• ICS / categories: 75.160.20 (Liquid fuels).
• Edition / version: D7545‑14 (with later editorial/reapproval entries shown as D7545‑14(2019)e1 and D7545‑14(2024) in some catalogs).
• Number of pages: Typically published as 7 pages (publisher PDF length varies slightly with cover/annex formatting).

Scope

This laboratory test method covers a quantitative determination of the oxidation stability of middle distillate fuels (diesel fuels, heating oils and biodiesel blends up to B100) under accelerated oxidation conditions using an automatic instrument. It measures the induction period (time until a pressure breakpoint) under specified conditions and is technically equivalent to EN 16091; it is intended for fuels covered by ASTM specifications such as D975, D396, D6751 and D7467.

Key topics and requirements

• Test principle: Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test (RSSOT) that records oxygen uptake/pressure change to determine an induction period (oxidation stability).
• Typical sample and condition parameters: small sample volume (≈5 mL), oxygen charge to specified pressure (commonly ~700 kPa), heated test vessel (typical test temperature ~140 °C) with continuous pressure monitoring until a 10% pressure breakpoint.
• Application: Suitable for petroleum middle distillates and biodiesel blends (B0–B100) and intended to support fuel specifications and quality control.
• Reporting: Induction period (minutes) as the primary result; instrument and apparatus performance, calibration and safety provisions are specified.
• Equivalency/relationship: Noted technical equivalence to EN 16091 and cross‑references to related ASTM fuel specifications.

Typical use and users

Routine and comparative testing for fuel suppliers, petroleum laboratories, biodiesel producers, independent test houses, standards organizations and regulatory or quality assurance laboratories that need a rapid indication of fuel oxidation/storage stability. The method is used for development, quality control, acceptance testing and compatibility assessments of middle distillate fuels and blends.

Related standards

Directly referenced or related documents include EN 16091 (equivalent test method), and ASTM fuel and biodiesel specifications such as D975 (Diesel Fuel), D396 (Fuel Oils), D6751 (Biodiesel B100) and D7467 (Diesel Fuel Oil, B6–B20). The method is maintained under ASTM Committee D02 (Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants), Subcommittee D02.14.

Keywords

oxidation stability, RSSOT, induction period, middle distillate fuels, diesel, biodiesel, rapid small scale oxidation test, storage stability, breakpoint, pressure monitoring.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ASTM D7545‑14 is a standardized laboratory test method (RSSOT) for measuring the oxidation/storage stability (induction period) of middle distillate fuels using a small‑scale, accelerated oxidation procedure.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers the procedure, apparatus, test conditions and reporting for determining the induction period of diesel fuels, heating oils and biodiesel blends (up to B100) under accelerated oxidation conditions; results are used as an indication of oxidation/storage stability.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Fuel manufacturers and distributors, commercial testing laboratories, refiners, biodiesel producers, research laboratories and regulatory or standards bodies use the method for QC, acceptance testing and comparative stability studies.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The base designation is D7545‑14; catalogs and standards stores list reapproval/editorial entries through 2019 and a 2024 reissue notation (D7545‑14(2024)), indicating the document remains published and maintained. Users should consult the publisher (ASTM) for the official, current PDF and any amendments before formal use.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is one of several ASTM test methods maintained by Committee D02 (Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants) and specifically by Subcommittee D02.14 on stability and cleanliness of liquid fuels; it cross‑references related fuel specifications (D975, D396, D6751, D7467) and is noted equivalent to EN 16091.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Oxidation stability, RSSOT, induction period, middle distillate, diesel, biodiesel, breakpoint, pressure, accelerated oxidation.