ISO 1431-1-2024 PDF

Full title and description

ISO 1431-1:2024 — Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Resistance to ozone cracking — Part 1: Static and dynamic strain testing. This International Standard specifies laboratory procedures to estimate the resistance of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubbers to cracking when exposed, under static or dynamic tensile strain, to air containing a defined ozone concentration at controlled temperature (and, if required, relative humidity), with the effects of direct light excluded.

Abstract

This part of ISO 1431 describes test methods (static and dynamic strain) for exposing rubber specimens to a controlled ozone atmosphere and evaluating crack formation and growth by visual observation and/or image analysis; it also permits measurement of related changes in physical or chemical properties. Reference and alternative methods for measuring ozone concentration are given in ISO 1431-3.

General information

• Status: Published / Current.
• Publication date: 4 July 2024.
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• ICS / categories: 83.060 (Rubber and rubber products).
• Edition / version: Edition 7 (2024).
• Number of pages: 23.

Scope

Provides standardized procedures to estimate ozone‑cracking resistance of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubbers under specified static or dynamic tensile strain, at defined ozone concentrations, temperature and (optionally) humidity, in laboratory chambers that exclude direct light. The standard describes test specimen preparation, chamber and strain arrangements, exposure conditions, and evaluation methods (visual or image analysis); it refers to ISO 1431-3 for reference/alternative methods to determine ozone concentration in test chambers.

Key topics and requirements

• Test modes: static strain and dynamic (fatigue) strain test procedures for rubber specimens.
• Controlled ozone exposure: specified ozone concentration, temperature and (where required) relative humidity during exposure.
• Specimen mounting and strain application: fixtures and elongation levels to produce repeatable surface tensile strain.
• Evaluation: visual inspection and optional image analysis to quantify crack initiation and growth; optional measurements of physical/chemical property changes.
• Ozone measurement: reference (UV absorption) and alternative methods for ozone concentration measurement as described in ISO 1431-3.
• Notes on interpretation: cautions about correlating accelerated laboratory results directly to field service performance (outdoor/service conditions vary).

Typical use and users

Used by materials and test laboratories, rubber compound and product manufacturers (automotive seals, hoses, belts, wire/cable insulation), R&D teams developing anti‑ozonant formulations, quality assurance departments, and certification bodies that require controlled ozone‑resistance data for material selection and comparison.

Related standards

ISO 1431 is a multi‑part series: ISO 1431-3 (reference and alternative methods for determining ozone concentration in laboratory chambers) is directly referenced by Part 1. Historically, ISO 1431-2 (dynamic strain) was withdrawn and its content has been consolidated into later editions of Part 1. For comparable/alternative test methods used in some regions, ASTM D1149 (Standard test methods for rubber deterioration — cracking in an ozone controlled environment) is commonly referenced.

Keywords

ozone cracking; rubber; vulcanized rubber; thermoplastic rubber; static strain; dynamic strain; ozone concentration; ozone test chamber; accelerated ageing; anti‑ozonants; image analysis; ISO 1431.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 1431-1:2024 is an ISO International Standard that specifies laboratory test procedures for assessing the resistance of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubbers to cracking caused by exposure to ozone under static or dynamic tensile strain.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers specimen preparation and mounting, chamber and strain arrangements, specified exposure conditions (ozone concentration, temperature, optional humidity), evaluation methods (visual and/or image analysis), and references methods for measuring ozone concentration (see ISO 1431-3).

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Test laboratories, rubber and compound manufacturers, R&D and QA teams (automotive, cable, sealing industries), and regulatory or certification bodies seeking standardized ozone‑resistance data.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: Current — ISO 1431-1:2024 was published 4 July 2024 and is the latest edition (it replaces earlier editions).

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — ISO 1431 is a multi‑part series. Part 1 now contains the static and dynamic strain procedures; ISO 1431-3 provides the reference and alternative ozone concentration measurement methods. Previously separate Part 2 (dynamic strain) was withdrawn and its material incorporated into later Part 1 revisions.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: ozone cracking, rubber, vulcanized, thermoplastic, static strain, dynamic strain, ozone concentration, test chamber, accelerated ageing, ISO 1431.