GOST 7565-81 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 7565-81 — "Iron, steel and alloys. Sampling method for determination of chemical composition." The standard establishes methods for selecting, preparing and storing samples (ingots, chips, shavings, molds, etc.) taken from liquid metal, ladles, ingots, castings and finished steel products to determine their chemical composition by chemical and spectral methods.

Abstract

This interstate (GOST) standard, introduced 1 January 1982, defines procedures and requirements for taking representative samples from pig iron, steel and alloys and for preparing those samples for laboratory determination of chemical composition. It covers sampling points and frequency (e.g., from ladles, buckets, molds and pours), sample forms (chips, shavings, rods, discs), minimum sample masses for chemical and spectral analysis, sample preparation techniques, labelling and storage (minimum retention periods), and includes an informative Annex adopting ISO 377-2-89 procedures for forged-steel specimens.

General information

• Status: Active / in force (issued 1982; later amendments applied; expiration date removed by regulatory decision).
• Publication date: 1 January 1982 (GOST 7565-81).
• Publisher: USSR State Committee for Standards (Gosstandart) / originally prepared by the Ministry of Metallurgy of the USSR; later published as an interstate (GOST) standard.
• ICS / categories: Metallurgy and metal testing — classification cited as 77.080.01 (metallurgical products / sampling and testing).
• Edition / version: Original 1981/1982 edition (GOST 7565-81) with Amendments No.1 and No.2 (amendments approved June 1986 and June 1991); later reprints/editions issued (notably a 2009 edition with changes).
• Number of pages: Approximately 15 pages in the published text (typical commercial PDF copies list ~15 pages).

Scope

Applies to sampling and preparation of samples for determination of chemical composition of liquid pig iron, cast iron, steels and alloys, and finished steel products. The standard specifies how many samples to take from a melt or ladle, where to take them (e.g., beginning/middle/end of pour; 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 of bucket), accepted sampling tools and molds, minimum sample masses for chemical and spectral analyses, requirements for sample surface preparation and defect avoidance, mixing and reduction (averaging) procedures, labelling and minimum storage periods (commonly three months), and special provisions for remelted steels and continuous-cast products. Annex 4 recommends procedures adapted from ISO 377-2-89 for forged-steel specimens.

Key topics and requirements

• Sampling points and frequency: specified sampling positions for liquid metal, ladles, buckets and ingots (e.g., three samples at start/middle/end of a pour; 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 for buckets).
• Acceptable sampling methods and tools: immersion spoons, drobnica, sampling molds, drilling for chips, cutting/milling for finished products; prohibition of contamination (cleaning surfaces, avoidance of slag, overheating and visible defects).
• Sample forms and sizes: masses for chemical analysis and for spectral analysis (examples: chemical-analysis samples typically 0.1–2.0 kg depending on method, spectral-analysis minimums commonly around 0.05–0.06 kg; prepared specimen weights for laboratory use specified).
• Preparation and reduction: crushing, grinding and sieving chips to specified grain sizes, combining and averaging subsamples, and reducing to the quantization mass (examples and limits provided in the standard).
• Special cases: sampling rules for vacuum, electroslag, electron-beam and vacuum-arc remeltings; provisions for continuous casting and automatic lines; allowed deviations for specific technological processes.
• Storage, labelling and retention: sealing of prepared samples, marking with furnace/heat/bucket numbers and retaining samples for a minimum storage period (commonly three months unless otherwise specified by enterprise documentation).

Typical use and users

Primary users are metallurgical plants (blast furnaces, steelmaking shops, foundries), quality control and laboratory personnel, inspection bodies, metallurgy and materials testing laboratories, procurement and conformity-assessment specialists, and standards/technical documentation authors. The standard is used to ensure representative sampling for chemical analyses required for product certification, process control and export documentation.

Related standards

Directly related to ISO 377-2-89 (selection and preparation of specimens and samples for testing forged steel; included as Annex 4). GOST 7565-81 replaced the earlier GOST 7565-73 and has associated amendments (No.1, No.2). Other related national and interstate standards address specific test methods for chemical and spectral analysis, sample containers, and metallurgical product standards referenced for testing tolerances.

Keywords

sampling, sampling method, chemical composition, pig iron, steel, alloys, ladle sampling, ingot sampling, chips, spectral analysis, chemical analysis, ISO 377-2-89, GOST 7565-73, metallurgical sampling.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 7565-81 is a Soviet/Russian interstate standard that defines methods for taking and preparing samples from pig iron, steel and alloys for laboratory determination of chemical composition. It was introduced 1 January 1982.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers where and how to take representative samples from molten metal, ladles, buckets, ingots, castings and finished steel products; acceptable sampling tools and molds; sample forms (chips, rods, discs); minimum sample masses for chemical and spectral analysis; preparation (crushing, sieving, grinding); labelling and storage/retention periods; and special provisions for remelted and continuous-cast steels. Annex 4 incorporates ISO 377-2-89 methods for forged-steel specimens.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Metallurgical works (blast-furnace and steelmaking shops), foundries, QC laboratories, testing laboratories, inspectors and technical documentation specialists use it to obtain representative samples for chemistry testing required for acceptance, certification and process control.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The standard was issued in 1982 and received subsequent amendments; official records indicate its expiration date was removed (decision of Gosstandart, 17 June 1991), and it is commonly treated as active/interim unless a newer national or interstate replacement specifically supersedes it. Users should verify the current normative status with an up-to-date standards database or national standards body before compliance use.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It replaces an earlier national edition (GOST 7565-73) and is linked to international practice through the inclusion of ISO 377-2-89 procedures (Annex 4). It also relates to other GOSTs and GOST‑R/ISO test-method standards governing chemical and spectral analysis of metals.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Sampling, chemical composition, pig iron, steel, alloys, ladle sampling, ingot, chips, spectral analysis, ISO 377-2-89.