ISO 2813-2014 PDF

Full title and description

Paints and varnishes — Determination of gloss value at 20°, 60° and 85°. This International Standard specifies a method for determining the specular gloss of non-textured coatings on plane, opaque substrates using glossmeter geometries of 20°, 60° and 85° to produce results in gloss units (GU).

Abstract

ISO 2813:2014 defines instrument geometry, calibration, test panels, measurement procedure, precision and reporting requirements for specular gloss measurement of paints and varnishes. The method uses three incident angles (20°, 60° and 85°) to give improved differentiation across high-, medium- and low-gloss ranges and expresses results on a scale referenced to a polished black glass standard (assigned 100 GU). The standard is intended for non-metallic, non-textured coatings on flat opaque substrates and includes normative annexes on sources of error and calibration standards as well as informative annexes on calculation and precision.

General information

• Status: Published
• Publication date: 2014 (ISO edition published Oct 2014)
• Publisher: International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• ICS / categories: 87.040 — Paints and varnishes
• Edition / version: Edition 4 (2014)
• Number of pages: 23 (ISO edition; some national/adopted texts such as EN/BS adoptions are issued with different pagination).

Scope

Specifies a laboratory and production test method for determining the specular gloss of non-textured coatings on flat, opaque substrates using a reflectometer (glossmeter) at one or more of the three defined geometries: (20.0 ± 0.1)°, (60.0 ± 0.1)° or (85.0 ± 0.1)°. The 60° geometry is the general-purpose angle; 20° is recommended for high-gloss surfaces and 85° for low-gloss/matt surfaces. The method is not intended for metallic or textured coatings where directional or flake effects dominate the appearance.

Key topics and requirements

• Defined measurement geometries: 20°, 60° and 85°, with tight angular tolerances and specified source/receptor apertures.
• Reference scale and calibration: use of a polished black glass reference (assigned 100 GU) and calibration/check tiles; calibration procedures and acceptable tolerances are specified.
• Glossmeter optical design and aperture/field-of-view specifications to limit stray/scattered light and ensure reproducible readings.
• Test-panel preparation and specimen requirements (flat, opaque, non-textured substrates) and handling instructions to reduce measurement error.
• Measurement procedure, number/location of readings, calculation and rounding of gloss units, and reporting requirements.
• Precision statements and annexed information on likely sources of error, calibration standards, calculation examples and precision data.

Typical use and users

Used by paint, varnish and coatings manufacturers, quality control laboratories, independent testing houses, surface-inspection laboratories, automotive and furniture finish specifiers, instrument manufacturers (glossmeters) and research groups assessing or specifying surface appearance and finish. Typical applications include production QC, incoming/outgoing inspection, R&D comparisons and specification compliance testing.

Related standards

Standards equivalent or commonly referenced alongside ISO 2813 include ASTM D523 (specular gloss test method), BS 3900 (Part 5) / EN ISO 2813 (European adoption), DIN 67530, JIS Z 8741 and various national gloss-measurement methods. ISO 2813 is the internationally harmonized reference for specular gloss of non-metallic coatings and is often cross-referenced in sector- or product-specific test methods.

Keywords

gloss, specular gloss, glossmeter, gloss units (GU), reflectometer, paints, varnishes, coatings, 20°, 60°, 85°, calibration, reference black glass, measurement procedure, surface appearance

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: ISO 2813:2014 is an international standard that specifies a method to determine the specular gloss of non-metallic, non-textured paint and varnish films at defined geometries (20°, 60°, 85°) and to report the results in gloss units (GU).

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers instrument geometry and optical requirements, calibration and reference standards (polished black glass/checked tiles), specimen preparation, measurement procedures, precision, sources of error and reporting requirements for gloss measurement on flat opaque substrates.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Coatings manufacturers, QC and test laboratories, instrument makers (glossmeters), specifiers in automotive, furniture and construction finishes, and R&D teams concerned with surface appearance.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: ISO 2813:2014 is the published (current) edition that superseded earlier editions (for example ISO 2813:1994); the 2014 edition is the authoritative ISO text for this method. Earlier editions (1978, 1994) were withdrawn and replaced by the 2014 edition.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is part of ISO/TC 35 work on paint and varnish test methods and is commonly grouped with other appearance and optical-property standards (and nationally harmonized equivalents and adoptions such as EN ISO 2813 and ASTM D523), but it is a standalone test method rather than a numbered multi-part series.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Gloss, specular reflection, gloss units (GU), glossmeter, calibration, paints and varnishes, 20°, 60°, 85°.